M. Abkowitz, . Der-ming, and P. Cheng, Developing a risk/cost framework for routing truck movements of hazardous materials, Accident Analysis & Prevention, vol.20, issue.1, pp.39-51, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/0001-4575(88)90013-9

V. Akgün, A. Parekh, R. Batta, and C. M. Rump, Routing of a hazmat truck in the presence of weather systems, Computers & Operations Research, vol.34, issue.5, pp.1351-1373, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cor.2005.06.005

B. J. Ale, Risk assessment practices in The Netherlands, Safety Science, vol.40, issue.1-4, pp.105-126, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0925-7535(01)00044-3

A. Ang and J. Briscoe, -Development of a systems risk methodology for single and multimodal transportation systems, Final Report, 1989.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00807213

M. Atkinson, D. Mauro, C. Nordvik, and J. P. , -Monitoring the transport by road of hazardous substances and risk reduction: results from and Italian case-study, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00409043

M. G. Bell and C. Cassir, Risk-averse user equilibrium traffic assignment: an application of game theory, Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, vol.36, issue.8, pp.671-681, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0191-2615(01)00022-4

M. G. Bell, A game theory approach to measuring the performance reliability of transport networks, Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, vol.34, issue.6, pp.533-545, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0191-2615(99)00042-9

M. G. Bell, Mixed Route Strategies for the Risk-Averse Shipment of Hazardous Materials, Networks and Spatial Economics, vol.33, issue.3, pp.253-265, 2006.
DOI : 10.1007/s11067-006-9283-x

R. Bellasio and R. Bianconi, -On line simulation system for industrial accidents.-Environnemental Modelling and Management, pp.329-342, 2005.

M. Benza, C. Bersani, R. Casazza, E. Garbolino, D. Giglio et al., -Definizione, progettazione e realizzazione prototipale di un sistema informativo distribuito per l'identificazione, il monitoraggio e la gestione dei flussi veicolari di merci pericolose -VGR, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/jpa-00212366

G. E. Beroggi and W. A. Wallace, -Operational Risk Management -The integration of Decision, Communicational, and Multimedia technologies, p.224, 1998.

C. Bersani, R. Casazza, E. Garbolino, D. Giglio, S. Olampi et al., -Detection and Monitoring of Hazardous Material Transportation on road between France and Italy: objectives, methodology and first results. Safety and Reliability for Managing Risk, pp.2659-2666, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-01066949

M. Betke and N. C. Makris, Fast object recognition in noisy images using simulated annealing, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp.523-530, 1995.
DOI : 10.1109/ICCV.1995.466895

P. H. Bottelberghs, Risk analysis and safety policy developments in the Netherlands, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol.71, issue.1-3, pp.59-84, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-3894(99)00072-2

A. Boulmakoul, R. Laurini, S. Servigne, and M. A. Idrissi, First specifications of a telegeomonitoring system for the transportation of hazardous materials, Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol.23, issue.4, pp.259-270, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0198-9715(99)00024-1

J. C. Bourcier and P. Mallet, Allocation spatio-temporelle de la population expos??e aux risques majeurs. Contribution ?? l'expologie sur le bassin de risques majeurs de l'estuaire de Seine : mod??le PRET-RESSE, Revue internationale de g??omatique, vol.16, issue.3-4, pp.3-4, 2006.
DOI : 10.3166/rig.16.457-478

J. Bouzitat, Dictionnaire des mathématiques : fondements, probabilités, applications. Albin Michel, Théorie des jeux, p.865, 1998.

N. Brooks, -Vulnerability, risk and adaptation: A conceptual framework. Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research Working Paper 38, p.16, 2003.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00608259

D. F. Brown and W. E. Dunn, Application of a quantitative risk assessment method to emergency response planning, Computers & Operations Research, vol.34, issue.5, pp.1243-1265, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cor.2005.06.001

R. Bubbico, D. Cave, S. Mazzarotta, and B. , Risk analysis for road and rail transport of hazardous materials: a simplified approach, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol.17, issue.6, pp.477-482, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jlp.2004.08.010

R. Bubbico, G. Dore, and B. Mazzarotta, Risk analysis study of road transport of ethylene oxide, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol.11, issue.1, pp.49-54, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0950-4230(98)00008-4

P. Carotenuto, S. Giordani, and S. Ricciarelli, A tabu search approach for scheduling hazmat shipments, Computers & Operations Research, vol.34, issue.5, pp.1328-1350, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cor.2005.06.004

P. Carotenuto, S. Giordani, and S. Ricciarelli, Finding minimum and equitable risk routes for hazmat shipments, Computers & Operations Research, vol.34, issue.5, pp.1304-1327, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cor.2005.06.003

R. Casazza, E. Garbolino, R. Sacile, C. Bersani, E. Trasforini et al., Detection and Monitoring of Hazardous Material Transportation on road between France and Italy: objectives, methodology and first results, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00569226

R. Casazza, S. Olampi, and A. Napoli, -A sensor based decision support Emmanuel Garbolino et Dalanda Lachtar MINES ParisTech, CRC -Centre de Recherche sur les Risques et les Crises system for the hazmat transport risk, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00618672

L. Castelli, G. Longo, R. Pesenti, and W. Ukovich, Two-Player Noncooperative Games over a Freight Transportation Network, Transportation Science, vol.38, issue.2, pp.149-159, 2004.
DOI : 10.1287/trsc.1030.0072

S. L. Chang, L. S. Chen, Y. C. Chung, and S. W. Chen, Automatic license plate recognition. In Intelligent Transportation Sys-tems, IEEE Transactions on, vol.5, pp.42-53, 2004.

J. J. Chevallier, -Systèmes d'aide à la décision à référence spatiale (SADRS) : méthode de conception et de développement, Actes de congres GIS/SIG'93, pp.23-25, 1993.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00458917

J. J. Chevallier, -Système d'aide à la décision à référence spatiale. MoSIT, pp.11-15, 1994.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00458917

S. Connor, -Britain will be first country to monitor every car journey, p.22, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00312124

S. Contini, F. Bellezza, M. D. Cvhristou, and C. Kirchsteiger, The use of geographic information systems in major accident risk assessment and management, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol.78, issue.1-3, pp.223-245, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-3894(00)00224-7

J. C. Couillet, -Méthodes pour l'évaluation et la prévention des risques accidentels (DRA-006) Dispersion atmosphérique. (Mécanismes et outils de calcul), p.61, 2002.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00657728

V. Cozzani, S. Bonvicini, G. Spadoni, and S. Zanelli, -Hazardous transport: A methodological framework for the risk analysis of marshalling yards, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00289177

T. G. Crainic and G. Laporte, Planning models for freight transportation, European Journal of Operational Research, vol.97, issue.3, pp.409-438, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0377-2217(96)00298-6

J. Current and S. Ratick, A model to assess risk, equity and efficiency in facility location and transportation of hazardous materials, Location Science, vol.3, issue.3, pp.187-201, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0966-8349(95)00013-5

S. L. Cutter and M. Ji, Trends In U.S. Hazardous Materials Transportation Spills, The Professional Geographer, vol.49, issue.3, pp.318-331, 1997.
DOI : 10.1111/0033-0124.00080

D. 'ercole, R. Et-metzger, and P. , -La vulnérabilité territoriale : une nouvelle approche Emmanuel Garbolino et Dalanda Lachtar MINES ParisTech, CRC -Centre de Recherche sur les Risques et les Crises des risques en milieu urbain Dossiers Vulnérabilités urbaines du sud, document 447, mis en ligne le 31 mars, Cybergeo : European Journal of Geography, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01158274

D. Desmarais and E. Trepanier, -Aei/ocr system verification, 2003.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00164196

K. Dorer and M. Calisti, An adaptive solution to dynamic transport optimization, Proceedings of the fourth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems , AAMAS '05, p.5, 2005.
DOI : 10.1145/1082473.1082803

L. M. Elena, S. Olampi, and F. Guarnieri, -Technological risks management: Automatic detection and identification of hazardous material transport truccks, Risk Analysis IV, 2004.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00409473

E. Erkut and O. Alp, Designing a road network for hazardous materials shipments, Computers & Operations Research, vol.34, issue.5, pp.1389-1405, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cor.2005.06.007

E. Erkut and V. Verter, A Framework for Hazardous Materials Transport Risk Assessment, Risk Analysis, vol.11, issue.2, pp.589-601, 1995.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1995.tb00755.x

B. Fabiano, F. Currò, E. Palazzi, and R. Pastorino, -Dangerous good transportation by road: from risk analysis to emergency planning. Jurnal of Loss Prevention in the process industries, pp.403-413, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00008638

B. Fabiano, F. Currò, E. Palazzi, and R. Pastorino, A framework for risk assessment and decision-making strategies in dangerous good transportation, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol.93, issue.1, pp.1-15, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-3894(02)00034-1

W. C. Frank, J. Thill, and R. Batta, Spatial decision support system for hazardous material truck routing, Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, vol.8, issue.1-6, pp.337-359, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0968-090X(00)00007-3

H. M. Füssel, Vulnerability: A generally applicable conceptual framework for climate change research, Global Environmental Change, vol.17, issue.2, pp.155-167, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.05.002

E. Garbolino, -One the transposition of the Defence in depth concept to formalize Hazmat Transport security and to mitigate territorial vulnerability.-Security and Environmental Sustainability of Multimodal Transport, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00409858

E. Garbolino, D. Lachtar, and M. Paristech, CRC -Centre de Recherche sur les Risques et les Crises proposal of a methodology for estimating the risk and modelling consequences for the insurance sector in France, 1st IAA Planetary Defense Conference: Protecting Earth from Asteroids, 2009.

E. Garbolino, R. Sacile, S. Olampi, C. Bersani, A. Tomasoni et al., -A Spatial Decision Support System prototype for assessing road HAZMAT accident impacts on the population in a dense urban area: a case study of the city of Nice, French Riviera. Chemical Engineering Transactions, pp.24-27, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00409858

E. Garbolino, R. Sacile, S. Olampi, A. Tomasoni, C. Bersani et al., -Definition of a Spatial Decision Support System for public authorities, civil protection and highway companies dedicated to the crisis management in the case of a Hazmat Transportation road accident in a dense urbanized area in the French Riviera, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00409858

D. Giglio, R. Minciardi, D. Pizzorni, R. Rudari, R. Sacile et al., -Towards a decision support system for real time risk assessment of hazardous material transport on road, pp.1-6, 2003.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00110406

T. S. Glickman, An Expeditious Risk Assessment of the Highway Transportation of Flammable Liquids in Bulk, Transportation Science, vol.25, issue.2, pp.115-123, 1991.
DOI : 10.1287/trsc.25.2.115

T. S. Glickman, E. Erkut, and M. S. Zschocke, The cost and risk impacts of rerouting railroad shipments of hazardous materials, Accident Analysis & Prevention, vol.39, issue.5, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.aap.2007.01.006

C. Griot, Vulnerability and transport of dangerous goods :a decision help method coming from the Civil Security assessment, Cybergeo, p.32, 2007.
DOI : 10.4000/cybergeo.5995

C. Guéret, C. Prins, and M. Et-sevaux, -Programmation linéraire : 65 problèmes d'optimisation modélisés et résolus avec Visual Xpress. Eyrolles, p.364, 2000.

A. Hatchuel and H. Molet, Rational modelling in understanding and aiding human decision-making: About two case studies, European Journal of Operational Research, vol.24, issue.1, pp.178-186, 1986.
DOI : 10.1016/0377-2217(86)90024-X

I. L. Hirst, Risk assessment A note on F???n curves, expected numbers of fatalities, and weighted indicators of risk, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol.57, issue.1-3, pp.169-175, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-3894(97)00080-0

F. Jourdain, -Modélisation des transferts atmosphériques de polluants. Techniques de l'ingénieur, « innovation, p.7, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00259024

B. Y. Kara, E. Erkut, and V. Verter, Accurate calculation of hazardous materials transport risks, Operations Research Letters, vol.31, issue.4, pp.285-292, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0167-6377(02)00238-9

J. Kessler and A. Et-chambraud, -Météo de la France. Tous les climats localité par localité, 1990.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00506463

F. I. Khan and S. A. Abbasi, Major accidents in process industries and an analysis of causes and consequences, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, pp.361-378, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0950-4230(98)00062-X

F. I. Khan and S. A. Abbasi, A criterion for developing credible accident scenarios for risk assessment, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol.15, issue.6, pp.467-475, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0950-4230(02)00050-5

R. Kuncyté, C. Laberge-nadeau, T. G. Crainic, and J. A. Read, Organisation of truck-driver training for the transportation of dangerous goods in Europe and North America, Accident Analysis & Prevention, vol.35, issue.2, pp.191-200, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0001-4575(01)00103-8

S. Lassarre, Analysis of progress in road safety in ten European countries, Accident Analysis & Prevention, vol.33, issue.6, pp.743-751, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0001-4575(00)00088-9

R. Laurini, 2000-A Short Introduction to TeleGeoProcessing and TeleGeoMonitoring, Proceedings of the 2nd Symposium on TeleGeoProcessing, pp.1-12, 2000.

P. Leonelli, S. Bonvicini, and G. Spadoni, New detailed numerical procedures for calculating risk measures in hazardous materials transportation, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol.12, issue.6, pp.507-515, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0950-4230(99)00023-6

P. Leonelli, S. Bonvicini, and G. Spadoni, Hazardous materials transportation: a risk-analysis-based routing methodology, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol.71, issue.1-3, pp.283-300, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-3894(99)00084-9

H. X. Liu and R. Bin, Vision-Based Stop Sign Detection and Recognition System for Intelligent Vehicles, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, vol.1748, pp.161-166, 1748.
DOI : 10.3141/1748-20

R. Maja, L. Studer, D. Romanò, G. Rainoldi, G. Marchionni et al., Individuazione degli itinerari Origine-Destinazione di maggior interesse per la sperimentazione. Sperimentazione di un sistema nazionale di sicurezza per il trasporto di merci pericolose ? SNSTMP, 2006.

P. H. Martin, E. J. Leboeuf, E. B. Daniel, J. P. Dobbins, and M. D. Abkowitz, Development of a GIS-based Spill Management Information System, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol.112, issue.3, pp.239-252, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.05.014

. Ministère-de-l-'ecologie, D. Du, and . Durable, -Compréhension des phénomènes et modélisation : la dispersion atmosphérique, p.12, 2006.

. Ministère-de-l-'ecologie, D. Du, and . Durable, -Guide pour l'estimation des dommages matériels aux biens des tiers en cas d'accidents majeurs, 2006.

. Ministère-de-l-'ecologie, D. Du, and . Durable, -Les phénomènes dangereux associés aux GPL dans les établissements de stockage hors raffineries et pétrochimie : le BLEVE, p.18, 2006.

. Ministère-de-l-'ecologie, D. Du, and . Durable, -Les phénomènes dangereux associés aux GPL dans les établissements de stockage hors raffineries et pétrochimie : Explosion de gaz à l'air libre (UVCE), p.22, 2006.

T. M. Moles, Emergency Medical Services Systems and HAZMAT major incidents, Resuscitation, vol.42, issue.2, pp.103-116, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0300-9572(99)00096-9

Y. Mouilleau and J. F. Et-lechaudel, -Guide des méthodes d'évaluation des effets d'une explosion de gaz à l'air libre, p.166, 1999.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-00962525

D. Mundy, Local Emergency Planning Committees: Working together to increase chemical safety in our communities, Chemical Health and Safety, vol.9, issue.6, pp.31-34, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S1074-9098(02)00392-1

B. Munier, -Décision. Dictionnaire des mathématiques : fondements, probabilités, applications. Albin Michel, p.865, 1998.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01358062

M. Nicolet-monnier and A. V. Gheorghe, Quantitative risk assessment of hazardous materials transport systems Topics in safety, risk, reliability and quality, ETH, p.343, 1996.

V. November, -Le risque comme objet géographique, Cahiers de géographie du Québec, pp.289-296, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00826225

S. Panwhar, M. Anderson, and R. Pitt, -Development of a GIS-Based Hazardous Materials Transportation Management System; a Demonstration Project, 2000.

F. Pasquill and F. B. Smith, Atmospheric Diffusion, p.440, 1983.

J. Plane, -Méthodes de recherche-intervention en management, 2000.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00018097

J. C. Pomerol and F. Adam, -Practical Decision Making ? From the Legacy of Herbert Simon to Decision Support Systems, pp.647-657, 2004.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01194893

R. W. Prugh, Improved F/N graph presentation and criteria, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol.5, issue.4, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0950-4230(92)80047-C

G. Purdy, Risk analysis of the transportation of dangerous goods by road and rail, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol.33, issue.2, pp.229-259, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/0304-3894(93)85056-K

G. Rasse, -Les plans de prévention des risques. La prévention des risques majeurs par la maîtrise de l'usage des sols, p.61, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/sic_00157054

M. Reghezza, -Réflexions autour de la vulnérabilité métropolitaine : la métropole parisienne face au risque de crue centennale, Thèse, p.382, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01161595

H. Romer, . Haastrupp, and H. J. Petersen, Accidents during marine transport of dangerous goods. Distribution of fatalities, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol.8, issue.1, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0950-4230(95)90059-X

A. Ronza, J. A. Vilchez, and J. Casal, Using transportation accident databases to investigate ignition and explosion probabilities of flammable spills, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol.146, issue.1-2, pp.106-123, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.11.057

N. J. Scenna, S. Cruz, and A. S. , Road risk analysis due to the transportation of chlorine in Rosario city, Reliability Engineering & System Safety, vol.90, issue.1, pp.83-90, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ress.2004.11.004

P. Serafini, Dynamic programming and minimum risk paths, European Journal of Operational Research, vol.175, issue.1, pp.224-237, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejor.2005.03.042

S. R. Shield, -A model to predict the radiant heat transfer and blast hazards from LPG BLEVEs, AIChE Symposium Series, vol.89, 1993.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01260300

H. Simon, -The new science of management decision, 1977.
DOI : 10.1037/13978-000

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00506587

E. A. Suchman, -A Conceptual Analysis of the Accident Phenomenon, Social, vol.Problems, pp.241-253, 1961.

J. Tixier, G. Dusserre, S. Rault-doumax, J. Ollivier, and C. Bourely, OSIRIS: software for the consequence evaluation of transportation of dangerous goods accidents, Environmental Modelling & Software, vol.17, issue.7, pp.627-637, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S1364-8152(02)00025-7

J. Tixier, Review of 62 risk analysis methodologies of industrial plants, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol.15, issue.4, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0950-4230(02)00008-6

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-00961858

V. Tsagaris and V. Anastassopoulos, -Fusion of visible and infrared imagery for night colour vision, Displays, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01425895

J. Zhang, J. Hodgson, and E. Erkut, Using GIS to assess the risks of hazardous materials transport in networks, European Journal of Operational Research, vol.121, issue.2, pp.316-329, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0377-2217(99)00220-9

K. G. Zografos, G. M. Vasilakis, and I. M. Giannouli, Methodological framework for developing decision support systems (DSS) for hazardous materials emergency response operations, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol.71, issue.1-3, pp.503-521, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-3894(99)00096-5

K. G. Zografos and K. N. Androutsopoulos, A heuristic algorithm for solving hazardous materials distribution problems, European Journal of Operational Research, vol.152, issue.2, pp.507-519, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0377-2217(03)00041-9