Concentration of brine solution used for low-temperature air cooling
Résumé
Air cooling and dehumidification can be performed by different means, at various energy costs. Absorption and adsorption cycles are widely used at various temperature ranges. For air dehumidification at negative temperatures (especially less than -20 °C), the adsorption and absorption systems present some drawbacks such as for the energy regeneration cost of the solid desiccant in the case of adsorption and the liquid desiccant loss by evaporation (generally glycol) in absorption, limiting the continuous operation of the system. In classical absorption systems, the brine dilution (due to water transfer from air to liquid) is compensated by adding salts (CaCl 2, LiCl...). A new absorption method is proposed to dehumidify air to -40 °C with a continuous operation without adding salts to re-concentrate the brine solution. The solution is re-concentrated by evaporating the condensed water on a separate cooling tower around ambient temperature. The energy consumption of the system is compared to other possible concentration processes: water boiling and membrane separation.
Mots clés
Absorption system
Adsorption cycle
Air cooler
Air cooling
Air dehumidification
Brine solution
Condensed water
Continuous operation
Dehumidification
Energy cost
Energy regeneration
Liquid desiccant
Low temperatures
Membrane separation
Negative temperatures
Temperature range
Water transfers
Brines
Calcium chloride
Concentration (process)
Cooling
Driers (materials)
Energy utilization
Evaporation
Glycols
Humidity control
Lasers
Liquids
Phase transitions
Salts
Separation
Solutions
Temperature
Water absorption