]. R. Choo, J. Szekely, R. C. Westhoff-]-r, J. Choo, S. A. Szekely et al., On the calculation of the free surface temperature of gas-tungsten-arc weld pools from first principles: Part i. modelling the welding arc On the calculation of the free surface temperature of gas-tungsten-arc weld pools from first principles: Part ii. modelling the weld pool and comparison with experiments, Metallurgical Transactions B Metallurgical Transactions B, vol.233, issue.23, pp.357-369371, 1992.

H. G. Fan, H. L. Tsai, and S. J. Na, Heat transfer and fluid flow in a partially or fully penetrated weld pool in gas tungsten arc welding, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol.44, issue.2, pp.417-428, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0017-9310(00)00094-6

L. Fenggui, Y. Shun, L. Songnian, and L. Yongbing, Modelling and finite element analysis on gtaw arc and weld pool, Computational Materials Science, vol.295, pp.371-378, 2004.

J. Hu and H. L. Tsai, Heat and mass transfer in gas metal arc welding. Part I: The arc, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol.50, issue.5-6, pp.833-846, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2006.08.025

J. Hu and H. L. Tsai, Heat and mass transfer in gas metal arc welding. Part II: The metal, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol.50, issue.5-6, pp.808-820, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2006.08.026

G. Xu, J. Hu, and H. L. Tsai, Three-dimensional modelling of arc plasma and metal transfer in gas metal arc welding, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol.528, pp.1709-1724, 2009.

K. Hong, D. C. Weckman, A. B. Strong, and W. Zheng, Modelling turbulent thermofluid flow in stationary gas tungsten arc weld pools, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, vol.18, issue.6, pp.125-136, 2002.
DOI : 10.1179/136217102225002619

J. Jaidi and P. Dutta, Three-dimensional turbulent weld pool convection in gas metal arc welding process. Science and Technology of Welding & Joining Modelling of turbulent molten pool convection in laser welding of a copper-nickel dissimilar couple, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol.911, issue.50, pp.407-4141805, 2003.

B. Ribic, R. Rai, and T. Debroy, Numerical simulation of heat transfer and fluid flow in GTA/Laser hybrid welding, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, vol.97, issue.8, pp.683-693, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02647202

A. Kumar and T. Debroy, Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow during Gas-Metal-Arc Fillet Welding for Various Joint Configurations and Welding Positions, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, vol.18, issue.2, pp.506-519, 2007.
DOI : 10.1007/s11661-006-9083-4

G. Xu and C. Wu, Numerical analysis of weld pool geometry in globular-transfer gas metal arc welding Modelling of temperature field and solidified surface profile during gas-metal arc fillet welding, Frontiers of Materials Science in China Journal of Applied Physics, vol.115, issue.94, pp.24-292667, 2003.

H. Ki, J. Mazumder, and P. Mohanty, Modelling of laser keyhole welding: Part i. mathematical modelling, numerical methodology, role of recoil pressure, multiple reflections, and free surface evolution, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, vol.3316, pp.1817-1830, 2002.

H. Ki, J. Mazumder, and P. Mohanty, Modelling of laser keyhole welding: Part ii. simulation of keyhole evolution, velocity, temperature profile, and experimental verification, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, vol.3317, pp.1831-1842, 2002.

H. Zhao and T. Debroy, Macroporosity free aluminum alloy weldments through numerical simulation of keyhole mode laser welding, Journal of Applied Physics, vol.93, issue.12, pp.10089-10097, 2003.
DOI : 10.1063/1.1573732

R. Rai, S. M. Kelly, R. P. Martukanitz, and T. Debroy, A convective heat-transfer model for partial and full penetration keyhole mode laser welding of a structural steel Thermomechanical analysis for laser + gmaw-p hybrid welding process, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions Computational Materials Science, vol.3920, issue.47, pp.98-112848, 2008.

A. Traidia and F. Roger, Numerical and experimental study of arc and weld pool behaviour for pulsed current GTA welding, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol.54, issue.9-10, pp.2163-2179, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.12.005

R. Wang, Y. Lei, and . Shi, Numerical simulation of transient temperature field during laser keyhole welding of 304 stainless steel sheet, Optics & Laser Technology, vol.43, issue.4, pp.870-873, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.optlastec.2010.10.007

J. U. Brackbill, D. B. Kothe, C. Zemach, and J. F. Lancaster, A continuum method for modelling surface tension The physics of welding Three-dimensional finite element modelling of gas metal-arc welding, Journal of Computational Physics Physics in technology Metallurgical Transactions B, vol.10025, issue.25, pp.335-354435, 1984.

M. Bellet and M. Hamide, Direct modelling of material deposit and identification of energy transfer in gas metal arc welding, International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol.26, p.2012

E. Hachem, T. Kloczko, H. Digonnet, and T. Coupez, Stabilized finite element solution to handle complex heat and fluid flows in industrial furnaces using the immersed volume method, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, vol.2, issue.3, 2010.
DOI : 10.1002/fld.2498

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00549730

L. Ville, L. Silva, and T. Coupez, Convected level set method for the numerical simulation of fluid buckling Simple finite element-based computation of distance functions in unstructured grids, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids International journal for numerical methods in engineering, vol.6629, issue.72, pp.324-3441095, 2007.

M. Coret, S. Calloch, and A. Combescure, Experimental study of the phase transformation plasticity of??16MND5 low carbon steel induced by proportional and nonproportional biaxial loading paths, European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids, vol.23, issue.5, pp.823-842, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.euromechsol.2004.04.006

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01006855

M. Coret, S. Calloch, and A. Combescure, Experimental study of the phase transformation plasticity of 16MND5 low carbon steel under multiaxial loading, International Journal of Plasticity, vol.18, issue.12, pp.1707-172731, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0749-6419(01)00067-5

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01006856

Y. Vincent, J. F. Jullien, and P. Gilles, Thermo-mechanical consequences of phase transformations in the heat-affected zone using a cyclic uniaxial test, International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol.42, issue.14, pp.4077-4098, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.11.018

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00368435