Association of UV radiation with Parkinson's disease incidence: A nationwide French ecologic study

A Elbaz (1, 2) , K Sofiane (2) , Lucien Wald (3) , A Dugravot (1) , A Singh-Manoux (1, 4) , F Moisan (2) , A Kravietz (5)

1 Social and Occupational Determinants of Health, INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Villejuif, France Université de Versailles St-Quentin, Versailles, France
2 DST-InVS - Département santé travail
3 O.I.E. - Centre Observation, Impacts, Énergie
4 UCL - University College of London [London]
5 UMMSM - University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine

Meeting: 20th International Congress Abstract Number: 467 Objective: Using ultraviolet B (UV-B) as a surrogate for vitamin D levels, we conducted a nationwide ecologic study in France in order to examine the association of UV-B exposure with Parkinson's disease (PD) incidence. Background: In addition to regulating calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism, vitamin D is involved in multiple biological pathways. Lower vitamin D is associated with increased mortality, in particular from cancer, and there is increasing evidence that it may play a role in brain health, including Alzheimer's disease, cognitive decline, multiple sclerosis, and PD. Exposure of the skin to UV-B from sunlight is the most important source of vitamin D, and a good surrogate marker of vitamin D levels in population settings. Methods: We used French national drug claims databases to identify PD cases using a validated algorithm. UV-B data from the solar radiation database were derived from satellite images. We estimated PD incidence (2010-2012) at the canton level (small administrative French unit) and used multilevel Poisson regression including a random intercept per canton to examine its association with UV-B (2005 annual average), after adjustment for age, sex, deprivation index, smoking, proportion of agricultural land, and vitamin D supplementation. Results: Analyses are based on 69,010 incident PD patients. PD incidence increased with age and was higher in men than women. The association between UV-B and PD incidence was quadratic (P<0.001) and modified by age (P<0.001) but not by sex (P>0.15). Below 70 years, incidence was higher in the bottom quintile (RR-Q1-45-49y=1.209, 95% CI= 1.108-1.320) compared with the middle UV-B quintile, and lower in the top quintile (RR-Q5-45-49y=0.883 [0.802-0.972]). The opposite pattern was observed in older subjects (RR-Q1-85-89y=0.941 [0.903-0.981]; RR-Q5-85-89y=1.102 [1.057-1.150]). Analyses based on continuous UV-B yielded similar conclusions. Conclusions: In this nationwide ecologic study, there was an age-dependent quadratic association between UV-B and PD incidence. This study suggests that low UV-B exposure is associated with higher PD risk in younger persons, but not in older persons, and that future studies should examine dose-response relations and take age into account.

Domaines: Santé publique et épidémiologie; Médecine humaine et pathologie

A Elbaz, K Sofiane, Lucien Wald, A Dugravot, A Singh-Manoux, et al.. Association of UV radiation with Parkinson's disease incidence: A nationwide French ecologic study. 20th International Congress of Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (MDS), Jun 2016, Berlin, Germany. pp.467. ⟨hal-01335551⟩