Enhancing energy system models with a quantitative approach of future lifestyles
Résumé
Among the tools and processes that are used to inform decisions makers on the long-term challenges raised by energy transition, numerical models are at the forefront. Whether led at the global, continental, country or local level, they help projecting the future operational conditions of our energy systems. However the possibility of addressing the sustainability challenge by a change in our lifestyle rather than technical solutions often remains outside the scope of such models. This paper makes proposals to improve the consideration of lifestyles in the quantitative foresight exercises. They contain a set of key determinants of mobility, housing, spatial planning or the organization terms of the productive sectors (industry, agriculture, services). Our methodology uses a statistical model of the dynamic of changes in lifestyle patterns to derive energy service demands. A set of three lifestyles anticipated for France in 2050 are then designed and discussed.